Question 4. Are there any norms available for the versions of the UK WHOQOL?

 

International norms are not yet available but international reference data for 23 countries is presented in key WHOQOL Group publications (e.g. Skevington, Lotfy and O'Connell, 2004).

British reference data is available for the WHOQOL-BREF for a wide range of diseases and conditions and well samples (Skevington and McCrate, Health Expectations, 2011).

International reference data on the WHOQOL-100 is available (The WHOQOL Group, 1998).

National norms have been published by some countries e.g. for Australia (see Hawthorne G. et al), and will be published by other countries in due course.